Collage is an art form in which the artist creates or
takes a number of items and places them together within the boundaries of
paper, frame or screen. The goal is to craft a message or feeling by the very
patterns, content and often unexpected interaction
collage - collected definitions
#1 Pronounced As: klSzh, ko- [Fr.,=pasting], technique in
art consisting of cutting and pasting natural or manufactured materials to a
painted or unpainted surface-hence, a work of art in this medium. The art of
collage was initiated in 1912 when Picasso pasted a section of commercially
printed oilcloth to his cubist painting, Still Life with Chair Caning (Mus. of
Modern Art, New York City). Collage elements appear in works by Gris, Braque,
Malevich, Dove, and the futurist artists. A basic means of Dada and surrealist
art, it was used by Arp, Schwitters, and Ernst. Collage is related to the newer
art of assemblage, in which the traditional painted canvas has been abandoned
in favor of the assembling of bits of material, which are sometimes
additionally painted or carved.
#2 A picture or design created by adhering such basically flat elements as
newspaper, wallpaper, printed text and illustrations, photographs, cloth,
string, etc., to a flat surface, when the result becomes three-dimensional.
Introduced by the Cubist artists, it was widely used by artists who followed,
and is a familiar technique in contemporary art.
#3 A n artwork made by pasting together heterogeneous materials. The decisive
and characteristic difference between the technique of collage (from French,
coller,to paste) and painting is that in painting the visual impression is
built up by composition of color and line, whereas in collage, bits of
newspaper, labels, buttons, and chicken-wire, to mention only a few materials,
are attached, ready-made, to the surface. The French painter Georges Braque and
Spanish artist Pablo Picasso made collages for cubist works in the early 20th
century. American pop art of the 1960s introduced the use of large objects,
such as pieces of sheet metal, machine parts, parts from automobiles, and
wooden rafters.
Collage Assignment:
Make a collage. Your collage will be
created on a 11” x 14” Bristol. If you would like to create a larger collage
than 11” x 14” you may do so as long as you use either a heavy weight Bristol,
or a 140 lb watercolor paper, or heavier. You will have two weeks to complete
your collage. However, you need to have your concept, thumbnails, 3 roughs and
materials completed by by next week, Nov 14. Collages will be due and presented
on November 21 at the beginning of class.
How to Begin:
·
Look
through design books from the library, or do a search from the internet to find
examples of works of art (collage) you particularly enjoy. Why? What do you think
makes these particular works of art effective? What about them appeals to you?
Think about your responses to these questions as you work on your collage.
·
Think
about the Visual Elements discussed in class (line, shape/mass, light/value,
color, texture/pattern, space, time/motion). How can you use these elements to
make your collage visually appealing and effective?
·
Think
about the Principles of Design discussed in class (unity and variety, balance,
emphasis and subordination/focal point, scale and proportion, rhythm). How have
some successful artists incorporated these principles of design into their
works of art to make them visually strong and appealing? How can you
incorporate these principles of design into your collage?
Some suggestions for materials to use in your
collage:
·
Newspaper
clippings
·
Magazine
illustrations
·
Printed
words
·
Photographs
·
Fabric
·
Wallpaper
·
Colored
papers and/or Tissue paper
·
Feathers,
Sequins, Beads, Miscellaneous
·
Digital
Images
·
Use
your imagination!
Some artists who work(ed) in collage:
·
Pablo
Picasso (see page 175 in your text)
·
Georges
Braque
·
Faith
Ringgold
·
Henri
Matisse (page 15, page 87)
·
Hannah
Höch (page 218)
·
Juane
Quick-to-See (page 542)
·
Romare
Bearden (page 176)
·
Kurt
Schwitters
·
Joseph
Cornell (page 123)
·
Miriam
Schapiro (page 533)
·
Robert
Rauschenberg (page 195, page 524)
·
David
Hockney (page 119)
·
Annette
Messager (page 122)
·
Fodé
Camara (page 170)
·
Jasper
Johns (page 525)
·
Kerry
James Marshall (page 544)
·
Robert
Rauschenberg
·
Evaluation
·
Effort/Neatness
·
Creativity
·
Incorporation
of Visual Elements and Principles of Design
·
Overall
Design
·
Completion
by Due Date